Outcome of mechanical ventilator use and associated factors at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College Medical Intensive Care Unit
Wubet Hunegnaw1 and Tola Bayisa²*
Abstract
Background: Mechanical ventilation is among the most commonly used therapeutic option in Intensive Care Units (ICU) as bridge therapy to give time until the underlying medical condition is treated. However, its outcome has not been extensively studied in Ethiopia.
Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the outcome and associated factors of mechanical ventilator use among patients admitted at St. Paul’s hospital millennium medical college medical intensive care unit (ICU) from June 2013 to June 2018. Pre-tested check list was used to collect data from patients’ charts. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis was performed to describe and assess association between dependent and explanatory variables with a statistically significant association at P < 0.05.
Results: Only six hundred one (43.1%) of the 1395 admitted patients were intubated and mechanically ventilated. Two hundred forty-seven (41.1%) of ventilated patients’ record was analyzed, of which one hundred forty-nine (60.3%) were women and mean age of 36.96 years. The overall mortality was 57.1% among mechanically ventilated patients. Forty-six percent of mechanically ventilated patients developed ventilator associated pneumonia. While fourteen percent of patients were having prolonged mechanical ventilation, tracheostomy use was only 2.4%.
Conclusion: The overall mechanical ventilator use related mortality was high. Patients who had co-morbidities, requiring dialysis, and duration of ventilation were significantly associated with mechanical ventilator use related mortality. Measures should be taken in high risk patients to decrease ventilator use related mortality and tracheostomy practice should be improved according to the indications.
Keywords: Ethiopia, Mechanical ventilator, Outcome, Pneumonia, Tracheotomy
